4/12/2023 0 Comments Synthesia condition![]() ![]() ![]() Here, we present the SynGenes cohort, the largest genotyped collection of unrelated people with grapheme–colour synaesthesia ( n = 723). However, the contributions of common genomic variation to synaesthesia have not yet been investigated. Family-based studies point to a role for genetic factors in the development of this trait. letters and numbers) elicit unusual secondary sensory experiences (e.g. Synaesthesia is a neurological phenomenon affecting perception, where triggering stimuli (e.g. These differences might reflect a complex interplay between AP ability, musical proficiency, music processing, and auditory processing per se. Taken together, we found first evidence of diminished whole-brain functional networks in AP musicians during the perception of naturalistic auditory stimuli. We did not find evidence for group differences in the clustering coefficient and characteristic path length. Third, we assessed group differences in global network topology while controlling for network density. We found that AP musicians showed decreased functional connectivity in major hubs of the default mode network during both music and audiobook listening compared to Non-musicians. Second, we identified subnetworks that drive group differences in global network density using the network-based statistic approach. This effect was present during naturalistic music and audiobook listening, but, crucially, not during resting state. As revealed by cluster-based permutation testing, AP musicians showed a decreased mean degree compared to Non-musicians whereas RP musicians showed an intermediate mean degree not statistically different from Non-musicians or AP-musicians. First, we assessed the global network density of the participants' functional networks in these conditions. ![]() In this study, we used EEG to estimate source-space whole-brain functional connectivity in a large sample comprising AP musicians (n = 46), relative pitch (RP) musicians (n = 45), and Non-musicians (n = 34) during resting state, naturalistic music listening, and audiobook listening. Previous studies have reported the effects of absolute pitch (AP) and musical proficiency on the functioning of specific brain regions or distinct subnetworks, but they provided an incomplete account of effects of AP and musical proficiency on whole-brain networks. ![]() Overall, synesthesia can be considered as a non-pathological individual difference property, a congenital variation of experience, based on higher connectivity between brain areas. Finally, the article addresses the question whether synesthesia can be acquired by non-synesthetes. I also review synesthesia's relationship to other clinical and neurological variations of experience such as absolute pitch, autism spectrum disorder, and schizophrenia. Moreover, the occurrence of associations with a particular cognitive and personality profile is highlighted, specifically enhanced memory function and higher propensity of engagement in art. The relevant theories for the formation of the condition are introduced. On a neural level, synesthesia co-occurs with hyper-connectivity in the brain. Research on the developmental trajectory of grapheme-color synesthesia indicates a steady increase in the number and consistency of the synesthetic inducer. Most knowledge has been collected from grapheme-color synesthesia, which involves the experience of colors in response to letters or numbers. As many forms of synesthesia involve cultural artifacts as inducers, the emergence of stable inducer-concurrent associations may not occur before school age. First, the definitional criteria and the phenomenological quality are addressed, in particular the plethora of different types which vary according to the kind of inducing stimulus (i.e., the inducer) and the kind of induced experience (i.e., the concurrent). The current article provides an overview of the state of research into synesthesia, a rare developmental condition that involves the consistent, conscious and automatic experience of a stimulus quality that is not present in the physical stimulus eliciting this experience. ![]()
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